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ARTIST BIOGRAPHIES

Alston, Charles

Angelico, Beato

Arp, Jean (Hans)

Avercamp, Hendrik

Bannister, Edward

Bazille, Jean Frederic

Bearden, Romare

Bellows, George

Benson, Frank Weston

Benton, Thomas Hart

Bierstadt, Albert

Bingham, George Caleb

Boccioni, Umberto

Bonnard, Pierre

Botticelli, Allesandro

Boucher, Francois

Boudin, Eugene-Louis

Bouguereau, Adolphe William

Braque, Georges

Brauner, Victor

Bricher, Alfred Thompson

Bronzino, Agnolo

Brouwer, Adriaen

Brueghel the Elder, Pieter

Buffet, Bernard

Calder, Alexander

Carqueville, William

Chambers, Thomas

Chase, William Merritt

Constable, John

Corot, Jean-Baptiste Camille

Courbet, Gustave

Cranach (the Elder), Lucas

Currier and Ives

da Vinci, Leonardo

Daumier, Honore

David, Jacques-Louis

de Chirico, Giorgio

de Goya, Francisco Jose

de Hooch, Pieter

de Vlaminck, Maurice

Delacroix, Eugene

Delaroche, Paul

Demuth, Charles

di Bondone, Giotto

Doughty, Thomas

Duchamp, Marcel

Durer, Albrecht

Eilshemius, Louis

Evergood, Philip

Fantin-Latour, Henri

Feininger, Lyonel

Foujita, Tsuguharu

Fragonard, Jean-Honore

Frankenthaler, Helen

Friedrich, Caspar David

Frieseke, Frederick Carl

Fuseli, John Henry

Gainsborough, Thomas

Gentileschi, Orazio

Gericault, Theodore

Ghirlandaio, Domenico

Giacometti, Alberto

Giorgione, Giorgio

Glackens, William

Gottlieb, Adolph

Gottlob, Fernand

Grunewald, Matthias

Guys, Constantin

Harnett, William Michael

Hartley, Marsden

Henry, Edward Lamson

Hilliard, Nicholas

Hobbema, Meindert

Hogarth, William

Holbein(the younger), Hans

Holder, Geoffrey

Hui-tsung, Emperor

Hunt, William Holman

Indiana, Robert

Johnson, Frank Tenney

Johnson, William

Kandinsky, Wassily

Kirchner, Ernst Ludwig

Kiyonaga, Torii

Kokoschka, Oskar

Koryusai, Koryusai

Kuniyoshi, Yasuo

Kyosai, Kawanabe

Lane, Fitz Hugh

Laurencin, Marie

Lawrence, Jacob

Lawrence, Sir Thomas

Lee-Smith, Hughie

Leigh, William Robinson

Leyster, Judith

Lichtenstein, Roy

Liebermann, Max

Lindner, Richard

Lippi, Fra Fillipo

Lorrain, Claude

Luini, Bernardino

Maillol, Aristide

Marquet, Albert

Martin, Henri-Jean Guillaume

Michelangelo - Buonarotti, Michelangelo

Millet, Jean-Francois

Modigliani, Amedeo

Moreau, Gustave

Morisot, Berthe

Motherwell, Robert

Motley, Archibald John Jr

Mucha, Alphonse Marie

O'Keeffe, georgia

Pissarro, Camille

Pollock, Jackson

Poussin, Nicolas

Raffaelo - Sanzio, Raphael

Rauschenberg, Robert

Redoute, Pierre-Joseph

Remington, Frederic

Renoir, Pierre-Auguste

Reynolds, Sir Joshua

Rossetti, Dante Gabriel

Rouault, Georges

Rubens, Peter Paul

Seurat, Georges

Steinlen, Theophile Alexandre

Tiepolo, Giovanni Domenica

Tintoretto, Jacopo Robusti

Toulouse-Lautrec, Henri

Turner, Joseph Mallord William

van Beyeren, Abraham

van Dyck, Sir Anthony

van Gogh, Vincent

van Huysum, Jan

van Rijin, Rembrant

Velazquez, Diego

Vermeer, Johannes Jan

von Jawlensky, Alexej

Vuillard, Edouard

Watteau, Jean-Antoine

Whistler, James Abbott Macneill

Williams, Walter

Woodville, Richard

Wyeth, Newell Convers

Yokoyama, Taikan

Jacques-Louis David

Birth Year : 1748
Death Year : 1825
Country : France

Jacques Louis David was born in Paris and first studied with Francois Boucher, whose influence may be seen in his works until 1770. In 1768, however, David had begun his studies with the Neoclassicist Joseph Marie Vien. A two-time winner of the Prix de Rome, David did not go to Italy until 1775. He remained for five years, studying the works of Caravaggio and other seventeenth-century Italian Baroque artists. David attracted much attention in Rome for the realistic vigor of his series of strong portraits. He became more and more deeply involved, while in Rome, in the Neoclassical aesthetics of Vien, Anton Raphael Mengs, Johann Winckelmann, and Benjamin West. David studied antique sculpture and ancient history and began to choose his subjects from the latter. The work that became the manifesto of Neoclassicism, the "Oath of the Horatii", was painted in 1784-85, on a second visit to Rome. In this and in his next great work, "The Death of Socrates", painted in Paris with figures inspired by classical statues and compositions taken from Roman bas-reliefs, David added two Caravaggiesque touches: sharp lighting that casts clear shadows, and realistic detail. David's art, embodying the ancient civic virtues, became the symbol of the Revolution and its aesthetic doctrines.

David was also active in the political side of the French Revolution where, from about 1787, he was the arbiter of taste and design in furniture, clothing, and the stage, as actors began to pose in groups similar to those in his paintings. He brought about the downfall of the French Royal Academy, thus freeing artists from its narrow tradition. He taught more than sixty pupils and was imitated by scores of artists. In 1793 David painted the realistic "Death of Marat", a powerful painting closer to the sensibilities of a Caravaggio than to those of antique sculpture. In 1794, while briefly imprisoned, he did a naturalistic landscape view of the Luxembourg Gardens. An enthusiastic Bonapartist, David became the first painter to the Emperor, an officer in the Legion of Honor, and a member of the Institute. With the restoration of the Bourbons, however, he was banished to Belgium for having voted for the death of Louis XVI and it was there that he died. David's strong sculptural painting had replaced the delicate and artificial style of the eighteenth century. Although his strict classicism held back the rise of the Romantic School, he stimulated such artists as Gros and Géricault in their free choice of subjects and in their passionate seriousness. He was thus an important force in the evolution of modern painting.

Jacques-Louis David
Bonaparte at Mont St. Bernard

Jacques-Louis David
Oath of the Horatii

Jacques-Louis David
Death of Socrates, The

Jacques-Louis David
Napoleon on Horseback at the St. Bernard Pass

Jacques-Louis David
Death of Marat

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